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Related Experiment Videos

A stable form of delayed-type hypersensitivity.

P H Lagrange, G B Mackaness

    The Journal of Experimental Medicine
    |January 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Low-dose antigen exposure induces unstable delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). However, BCG or cyclophosphamide (CY) modulation creates persistent DTH, with BCG-modulated cells showing resistance to immune complex blocking.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cellular immunology

    Background:

    • Low-dose antigen exposure can induce delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), but it is typically unstable and easily suppressed.
    • Modulation of the primary immune response with agents like cyclophosphamide (CY) or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) can lead to more persistent DTH.
    • The mechanisms underlying the stability and resistance of modulated DTH, particularly concerning T-cell mediator cells, require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the stability and characteristics of DTH induced by low-dose antigen exposure.
    • To compare the effects of CY and BCG modulation on the persistence and characteristics of DTH.
    • To elucidate the nature of mediator cells and their resistance to suppression in modulated DTH responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Induction of DTH in mice using sheep red blood cells with varying antigen doses.
    • Immunization protocols involving cyclophosphamide (CY) or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) to modulate the primary response.
    • Assessment of DTH stability under secondary antigenic stimulation and in the presence of blocking factors or vinblastine.
    • Evaluation of mediator cell survival and function in syngeneic recipients.

    Main Results:

    • Low-dose antigen alone produced unstable DTH, susceptible to suppression by higher antigen doses.
    • BCG- and CY-modulated primary responses resulted in significantly higher and more persistent DTH.
    • BCG-modulated DTH was resistant to suppression by secondary antibody responses.
    • Mediator cells from both BCG- and CY-modulated responses exhibited resistance to humoral blocking factors and vinblastine, with a half-life of approximately 50 days.

    Conclusions:

    • BCG and CY modulation induce a stable, long-lasting DTH response that is resistant to suppression.
    • BCG-modulated DTH mediator cells are resistant to immune complex-mediated blocking, suggesting intrinsic differences or unique accompanying humoral responses.
    • The enhanced stability and resistance of modulated DTH responses are likely due to permanent changes induced during the primary response, rather than residual infection or transient modulation.

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