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Halicephalobus gingivalis encephalomyelitis in a horse.

J T Bröjer1, D A Parsons, K E Linder

  • 1Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph.

The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne
|July 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary

A rare nematode, Halicephalobus gingivalis, caused severe neurological disease and mandibular lesions in an Arabian mare. This parasitic infection led to progressive ataxia and was ultimately fatal, highlighting its potential for causing granulomatous reactions and meningoencephalitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Parasitology
  • Equine Pathology

Background:

  • Halicephalobus gingivalis is a free-living nematode with rare reports of causing disease in mammals.
  • Mandibular swelling and neurological deficits can indicate various pathologies in horses.

Observation:

  • An 8-year-old Arabian mare exhibited acute, progressive ataxia and a firm swelling of the right mandible.
  • Radiographic examination showed multiple radiolucent areas within the mandibular bone.

Findings:

  • The mare's neurological condition worsened, leading to euthanasia.
  • Postmortem examination confirmed mandibular granulomatous reactions and meningoencephalitis.
  • The causative agent was identified as the nematode Halicephalobus gingivalis.

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Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for Halicephalobus gingivalis to cause severe, fatal neurological and osseous disease in horses.
  • Accurate diagnosis and understanding of parasitic infections are crucial in equine veterinary medicine.
  • Further research into the pathogenesis and treatment of Halicephalobus gingivalis infections is warranted.