Regulation of mast cell number and function

Mast cells are complex, multifunctional cells that have unique phenotypes and growth requirements. Regulation in vitro of human mast cell growth and function differs from regulation of rodent mast cells. Human cell yields in vitro vary depending on tissue of origin, use of mononuclear or CD34+ progenitor cells, presence of cytokines, and serum-free versus serum-containing mediums. This article presents a summary of recent advances in the understanding of cytokine regulation of mast cell numbers and function in rodents and humans.