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Related Experiment Videos

Inhibition of return and attentional control settings.

B S Gibson1, J Amelio

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. gibson.16@nd.edu

Perception & Psychophysics
|July 26, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Attentional control settings influence how the brain orients attention and inhibits return. Both processes depend on whether cue and target features match the established attentional set.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Visual Attention

Background:

  • Exogenous attentional orienting, driven by stimulus salience, is typically automatic.
  • Inhibition of return (IOR) is a later process that suppresses reorienting to previously attended locations.
  • The role of attentional control settings in modulating these exogenous processes remains an area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if attentional control settings modulate exogenous attentional orienting and inhibition of return.
  • To determine the feature-based contingency of attentional capture and IOR.
  • To explore the neural underpinnings of these attentional phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a spatial cuing paradigm with a choice identification task.
  • Employed onset- and color-defined cues and targets, crossed with each other.
  • Manipulated stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) at short (100 msec) and long (1,000 msec) intervals.

Main Results:

  • Exogenous attentional orienting was contingent on attentional set at short SOAs; capture occurred only when cue and target features matched.
  • Inhibition of return was also partially contingent on attentional set at long SOAs, occurring for onset cues preceding onset targets.
  • IOR was not observed for color cues, regardless of SOA.

Conclusions:

  • Both exogenous attentional orienting and inhibition of return are modulated by top-down attentional control settings.
  • Findings suggest distinct but overlapping roles for posterior and anterior attention networks in these processes.
  • Attentional set plays a crucial role in filtering stimulus-driven attentional capture and guiding reorienting behavior.

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