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Multiple myeloma expressing CD19(+)CD56(-) phenotype.

N Sahara1, M Ihara, T Ono

  • 1Division of Hematology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan. ZXG02411@nifty.ne.jp

American Journal of Hematology
|July 27, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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This study reports a rare case of multiple myeloma with an unusual CD19(+)CD56(-) phenotype, typically seen in normal plasma cells. This finding challenges conventional myeloma classification and diagnostic markers.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy.
  • Diagnosis typically relies on specific cell surface markers.
  • CD19 expression is generally absent in myeloma cells.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old woman presented with refractory multiple myeloma.
  • Myeloma cells exhibited an atypical phenotype: CD19(+), CD56(-).
  • This phenotype is usually associated with normal plasma cells.

Findings:

  • Flow cytometry revealed myeloma cells expressing CD38(+), CD19(+), CD56(-), CD45(-), CD49e(-), and MPC-1(+).
  • Southern blotting confirmed rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene.
  • Immunostaining showed positivity for cytoplasmic immunoglobulin light chain kappa.

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Implications:

  • This case expands the known phenotypic spectrum of multiple myeloma.
  • CD19 expression in myeloma may require re-evaluation of diagnostic criteria.
  • Understanding aberrant phenotypes is crucial for targeted therapies.