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Primary effusion lymphoma with B-cell phenotype.

M Iwahashi1, S Iida, S Sako

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai-Hita Hospital, Hita-Oita, Japan.

American Journal of Hematology
|July 27, 2000
PubMed
Summary

This case study details a rare primary effusion lymphoma in an elderly woman. Despite treatment, the patient succumbed to the disease, highlighting the need for further research into this B-cell malignancy.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, typically associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8).
  • This malignancy predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with advanced HIV infection.

Observation:

  • A 78-year-old woman presented with primary effusion lymphoma, a rare occurrence in this age group and without a known history of immunosuppression.
  • The neoplastic cells were characterized by immunohistochemistry as CD19(+), CD20(+), CD21(+), Sm-Ig(+), and HLA-DR(+).
  • Genetic analysis revealed clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and kappa light chain gene rearrangement, confirming a B-cell lineage.

Findings:

  • The patient received prednisolone treatment, but the lymphoma progressed, leading to death 15 months post-diagnosis.

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  • Immunohistochemical and genetic findings confirmed a B-cell origin for the lymphoma.
  • This case presented distinct features compared to typical HHV-8-positive PEL, suggesting potential variations in pathogenesis or presentation.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the variability in primary effusion lymphoma presentation and underscores the importance of comprehensive diagnostic workup, including immunohistochemistry and genetic analysis.
    • The distinct characteristics of this case may offer insights into non-HHV-8-associated PEL or atypical presentations of the disease.
    • Further investigation into the clinical details and response to therapy in this patient can contribute to understanding treatment strategies for rare B-cell lymphomas.