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Related Experiment Videos

Three-year study to assess human enteric viruses in shellfish.

F Le Guyader1, L Haugarreau, L Miossec

  • 1Microbiology Laboratory, IFREMER, Nantes Cedex 03, France. sleguyad@ifremer.fr

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|August 5, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Shellfish, including oysters and mussels, can harbor harmful enteric viruses like hepatitis A virus (HAV) and rotavirus (RV). Molecular testing over three years confirmed viral presence, especially in mussels from sewage-impacted areas.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Virology
  • Food Safety
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Pathogenic enteric viruses pose a significant public health risk due to their environmental persistence.
  • Shellfish are filter feeders and can accumulate viruses from contaminated waters.
  • Previous studies have indicated viral contamination in shellfish, but long-term monitoring is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and diversity of key enteric viruses in shellfish over a three-year period.
  • To compare viral contamination levels between oysters and mussels.
  • To assess the feasibility of routine molecular detection of viruses in shellfish.

Main Methods:

  • Detection of hepatitis A virus (HAV), Norwalk-like virus (NLV), enterovirus (EV), rotavirus (RV), and astrovirus (AV) using reverse transcription-PCR and hybridization.

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  • Analysis of 108 oyster samples and mussel samples from areas impacted by human sewage.
  • Sequencing of viral amplicons to identify specific strains.

    • Main Results:

    • Mussels showed higher contamination rates (e.g., 50% AV, 52% RV) compared to oysters (e.g., 17% AV, 27% RV).
    • Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Norwalk-like virus (NLV) detected in mussels, with significant strain diversity observed for NLV.
    • Viral contamination peaked during winter months, with some seasonal variations among different viruses.

    Conclusions:

    • Shellfish, particularly mussels from sewage-affected areas, are significant reservoirs for enteric viruses.
    • Molecular techniques are effective and feasible for routine monitoring of viral contamination in shellfish.
    • Long-term surveillance is crucial for understanding viral dynamics and ensuring food safety.