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Thiol homeostasis and supplements in physical exercise.

C K Sen1, L Packer

  • 1Departments of Surgery and Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210-1252, USA. sen-1@medctr.osu.edu

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|August 2, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Thiols, like glutathione, are vital for antioxidant defense and can be depleted by exercise. Supplementing with N-acetyl-L-cysteine or alpha-lipoic acid may help protect against exercise-induced oxidative stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Thiols, organic sulfur compounds, are crucial for biological antioxidant defense.
  • Physical exercise can induce oxidative stress, evidenced by blood glutathione oxidation in humans.
  • Tissue glutathione metabolism is sensitive to exercise intensity and type.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of thiols in exercise-induced oxidative stress.
  • To evaluate the impact of physical training on tissue glutathione metabolism.
  • To identify promising thiol supplements for mitigating exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental studies on exercise and glutathione metabolism.
  • Analysis of data from glutathione-deficient animal models.

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  • Examination of the effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and alpha-lipoic acid.

    • Main Results:

    • Glutathione metabolism is significantly affected by exhaustive exercise.
    • Adequate tissue glutathione levels are essential for protection against exercise-induced oxidative stress.
    • N-acetyl-L-cysteine and alpha-lipoic acid show potential as antioxidant and signaling agents.

    Conclusions:

    • Thiols play a critical role in managing exercise-induced oxidative stress.
    • Tissue-specific adaptations in glutathione metabolism occur with physical training.
    • N-acetyl-L-cysteine and alpha-lipoic acid are promising thiol supplements for exercise recovery and protection.