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Sympathetic vasodilatation in human limbs.

M J Joyner¹, J R Halliwill

¹Department of Anesthesiology and General Clinical Research Center, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

The Journal of Physiology

|August 2, 2000

Summary

Active vasodilation in human skin is known, but the specific neurotransmitter remains elusive. Recent research challenges the long-held belief in sympathetic vasodilator fibers in human skeletal muscle.

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Area of Science:

Physiology
Vascular Biology
Neuroscience

Background:

Active vasodilation is crucial for regulating blood flow in human skin and skeletal muscle.
Historical perspectives on active vasodilation have evolved, particularly concerning the sympathetic nervous system's role.
Understanding the precise mechanisms of active vasodilation is vital for comprehending physiological responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in the understanding of active vasodilation in human skin and skeletal muscle.
To place current findings within their historical context, tracing the evolution of thought.
To critically evaluate the evidence for sympathetic vasodilator fibers in human skeletal muscle.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on active vasodilation.
Historical analysis of previous research on vascular control in skin and skeletal muscle.
Reinterpretation of existing data in light of new findings.

Main Results:

Active vasodilation in human skin is well-documented, yet the responsible neurotransmitter is unidentified.
Evidence supporting sympathetically mediated vasodilation in human skeletal muscle is re-evaluated.
Recent studies cast doubt on the existence of sympathetic vasodilator fibers in human skeletal muscle.

Conclusions:

The neurotransmitter mediating active vasodilation in human skin requires further investigation.
The role of sympathetic vasodilator fibers in human skeletal muscle is questionable based on current evidence.
Further research is needed to elucidate the precise neural control of active vasodilation in different vascular beds.

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