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Phonosurgery in gender dysphoria.

M Moerman¹, H Vermeersch, J Van Borsel

¹Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.

Acta Chirurgica Belgica

|August 5, 2000

Summary

Voice change surgery for gender dysphoria aims to alter vocal pitch. Cricothyroid approximation is a common phonosurgery technique that effectively raises vocal pitch, with lasting results.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Phonosurgery
Gender-affirming care

Background:

Voice modification is a crucial aspect of gender transition for many individuals experiencing gender dysphoria.
Surgical interventions, or phonosurgery, offer a method to alter vocal characteristics, including fundamental frequency.

Purpose of the Study:

To review available surgical techniques for modifying speaking fundamental frequency.
To focus on procedures for raising or lowering vocal pitch.

Main Methods:

Review of existing phonosurgical techniques for voice modification.
Specific focus on cricothyroid approximation for pitch elevation.

Main Results:

Cricothyroid approximation is the most frequently performed procedure for raising vocal pitch.
Immediate postoperative pitch increase averages one octave.
Stabilized voice pitch shows an approximate half-octave increase.

Conclusions:

Phonosurgery, specifically cricothyroid approximation, is an effective method for increasing vocal pitch in gender dysphoria treatment.
The procedure offers significant and lasting voice pitch modification.

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