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Updated: Oct 15, 2026

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease
Published on: January 7, 2014
Case-control study of debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase, N-acetyltransferase 2, and apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms in
D M Maraganore1, M J Farrer, J A Hardy
1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Abstract:
We investigated the association of Parkinson's disease (PD) with two genes encoding liver-detoxifying enzymes, debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D6) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), and with one gene related to Alzheimer's disease, apolipoprotein E (APOE). In a sample of 139 unrelated PD cases and 113 control subjects, the NAT2 M3 allele was associated with PD (odds ratio = 7.9; 95% confidence interval = 1.7-36.3). Case-control analyses for CYP2D6, APOE, and NAT2 M1 or M2 did not show a significant association. However, the age at onset of PD was significantly earlier in cases with the APOE epsilon2/epsilon3 genotype than in cases with the epsilon3/epsilon3 genotype.
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