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Custer, selenium and swainsonine.

H F Hintz¹, L J Thompson

¹Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Veterinary and Human Toxicology

|August 6, 2000

Summary

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The Battle of Little Bighorn

Area of Science:

Veterinary toxicology
Military history
Paleopathology

Background:

The Battle of Little Bighorn remains a subject of historical debate.
A key controversy involves the potential for Benteen and Reno to reinforce Custer.
A slow-moving pack train may have impeded troop movements.

Observation:

Horses and mules in the pack train exhibited lameness and erratic behavior.
Previous theories suggested selenium toxicosis as the cause.
This study investigates alternative and complementary explanations for the animals' condition.

Findings:

Selenium exposure is a plausible cause for the observed lameness in pack animals.
Ingestion of plants containing swainsonine is proposed as the cause of behavioral issues.

Related Experiment Videos

This dual-toxin hypothesis offers a new perspective on the pack train's dysfunction.

Implications:

Understanding the pack train's condition provides insight into the Battle of Little Bighorn's outcome.
This research highlights the impact of environmental factors and toxicology on historical events.
The findings contribute to the fields of veterinary toxicology and military history.