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Ethylene glycol ingestion resulting in brainstem and midbrain dysfunction.

B W Morgan¹, M D Ford, R Follmer

¹Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. bmorg02@emory.edu

Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology

|August 10, 2000

Summary

Ethylene glycol poisoning can cause severe central nervous system damage, including brainstem and midbrain dysfunction. This case highlights brainstem and midbrain injury from ethylene glycol ingestion, with recovery over four months.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Toxicology

Background:

Ethylene glycol ingestion is a known cause of toxic metabolic encephalopathy.
Central nervous system abnormalities are common complications.

Observation:

A 26-year-old male presented with symptoms of widespread brainstem and midbrain dysfunction after ingesting ethylene glycol.
Cranial computed tomography (CT) revealed hypodensities in the basal ganglia, thalami, midbrain, and upper pons.

Findings:

Neurologic deficits correlated with CT findings, indicating localized brain damage.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed bilateral putamen necrosis 24 days post-ingestion.
The patient experienced complete resolution of neurologic sequelae within four months.

Implications:

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This case underscores the potential for severe, yet reversible, central nervous system injury from ethylene glycol toxicity.
Early recognition and management are crucial for patient outcomes.
Neuroimaging plays a vital role in diagnosing and monitoring ethylene glycol-induced brain damage.