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Related Experiment Videos

Is there publication bias in the reporting of cancer risk in Barrett's esophagus?

N J Shaheen1, M A Crosby, E M Bozymski

  • 1Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7080, USA. nshaheen@med.unc.edu

Gastroenterology
|August 10, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Publication bias may overestimate the cancer risk in Barrett's esophagus (BE). Smaller studies reported higher risks, suggesting a need for careful interpretation of BE cancer risk literature.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Literature Analysis

Background:

  • Published estimates of adenocarcinoma risk in Barrett's esophagus (BE) show significant variation.
  • Publication bias, characterized by selective reporting of positive or extreme findings, may inflate the perceived cancer risk in BE literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate publications reporting cancer risk in BE for evidence of publication bias.
  • To determine if the reported risk of adenocarcinoma in BE is overestimated due to selective reporting.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a MEDLINE search (1966-1998) for studies quantifying cancer risk in BE (cancers/patient-year).
  • Included studies with endoscopic and histologic confirmation of BE and cancer.
  • Assessed the relationship between reported cancer risk and study size, controlling for study characteristics using multivariable regression and funnel plot analysis.

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Main Results:

  • Twenty-seven publications met inclusion criteria from 554 reviewed abstracts.
  • A strong inverse correlation was found between reported cancer risk and study size; smaller studies reported substantially higher risks.
  • Funnel plot analysis indicated the presence of publication bias, which persisted after adjusting for study design and definition of BE.

Conclusions:

  • The risk of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus may be overestimated in the published literature.
  • Publication bias appears to be a significant factor contributing to the overestimation of cancer risk in BE.