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Rapid speciation via parallel, directional selection on regulatory genetic pathways.

N A Johnson1, A H Porter

  • 1Department of Entomology and Graduate Program in Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. njohnson@ent.umass.edu

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|August 10, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Regulatory genetic pathways drive speciation by causing incompatible genetic changes between populations, leading to reduced hybrid fitness. Complex pathways and interactions increase this effect, impacting evolutionary biology.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Regulatory genetic pathways are crucial for phenotype development.
  • Epistatic variation from these pathways is implicated in reproductive isolation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if regulatory genetic pathways can be a source of epistatic variation driving speciation.
  • To model the impact of gene regulation on hybrid fitness during population divergence.

Main Methods:

  • Modeled gene regulation as a matching function between genetic loci.
  • Simulated parallel selection on phenotypes in independent populations.
  • Compared fitness reduction in regulatory vs. non-regulatory models.

Main Results:

  • Regulatory pathways led to significant F(1) and F(2) hybrid fitness reduction.

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  • Increased pathway complexity and binding interactions exacerbated fitness decline.
  • Non-regulatory models showed minimal hybrid fitness reduction, even with drift and mutation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Regulatory genetic pathways are a significant factor in the evolution of reproductive isolation and speciation.
    • The complexity of regulatory interactions directly influences the degree of hybrid incompatibility.
    • Further empirical research on allelic variability in regulatory sites is needed to fully understand their role in speciation.