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Compatibility and stability of linezolid injection admixed with aztreonam or piperacillin sodium
1Division of Pharmacy, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
Objective:
To evaluate the physical compatibility and chemical stability of linezolid (Zyvox-Pharmacia) 200 mg/100 mL admixed with aztreonam (Azactam-Squibb) 2 grams and separately with piperacillin sodium (Pipracil-Lederle) 3 grams over 7 days at 4 degrees C and 23 degrees C.
Design:
Controlled experimental trial.
Setting:
Laboratory.
Interventions:
Test samples were prepared by adding the required amount of aztreonam or piperacillin sodium to separate bags of linezolid injection 200 mg/100 mL.
Main Outcome Measures:
Physical compatibility and chemical stability based on drug concentrations initially and after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days of storage at 4 degrees C and 23 degrees C.
Results:
All of the linezolid admixtures with aztreonam and with piperacillin sodium were clear when viewed in normal fluorescent room light and with a Tyndall beam. Measured turbidity and particulate content were low and exhibited little change throughout the study at both storage temperatures. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis found little or no loss of linezolid in any sample stored at either temperature throughout the study. Aztreonam in the linezolid admixtures was stable for 7 days, exhibiting less than 5% loss at 4 degrees C and 9% loss at 23 degrees C. Piperacillin sodium in the linezolid admixtures was stable for 7 days at 4 degrees C, exhibiting no loss, but was stable for only 3 days at 23 degrees C with losses of about 5%. Losses had increased to 9% to 12% after 5 days of storage at room temperature.
Conclusion:
Admixtures of linezolid 200 mg/100 mL with aztreonam 2 grams or piperacillin sodium 3 grams were physically compatible and chemically stable for at least 7 days stored at 4 degrees C and for 7 days or 3 days, respectively, at 23 degrees C.