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Oral contraceptives and ascorbic acid.

J M Rivers

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |May 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Oral contraceptives, particularly their estrogen component, lower ascorbic acid levels in women. This reduction may be due to changes in tissue distribution rather than increased excretion or breakdown.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Pharmacology
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Oral contraceptive steroids are widely used by women.
    • Previous studies indicate a link between oral contraceptives and reduced ascorbic acid levels.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between oral contraceptive steroids and ascorbic acid concentrations.
    • To explore the mechanisms behind the observed decrease in ascorbic acid.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of plasma, leukocyte, and platelet ascorbic acid levels in women using oral contraceptives.
    • Examination of the role of the estrogenic component.
    • Assessment of urinary ascorbic acid excretion and serum copper levels.
    • Preliminary investigation of tissue uptake of ascorbic acid.
    Keywords:
    Ascorbic Acid--analysisBiologyContraceptionContraceptive Agents, EstrogenContraceptive Agents, Female--side effectsContraceptive Agents, Progestin--side effectsContraceptive Agents--side effectsEstrogensFamily PlanningHealthHematological EffectsHemic SystemInjectablesMedroxyprogesterone Acetate--side effectsMetabolic EffectsNorethindrone--side effectsNutritionOral ContraceptivesPhysiologySerum Copper LevelSteroid Metabolic EffectsVitamins

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    Main Results:

    • Oral contraceptive steroids, specifically the estrogenic component, are associated with decreased ascorbic acid levels in plasma, leukocytes, and platelets.
    • Urinary excretion of ascorbic acid is not significantly increased.
    • Serum copper levels are elevated, but ascorbic acid catabolism does not appear to be increased.
    • Preliminary data suggest altered tissue distribution of ascorbic acid may explain the observed blood level changes.

    Conclusions:

    • The estrogenic component of oral contraceptives is implicated in lowering blood ascorbic acid levels.
    • Altered tissue distribution of ascorbic acid is a potential mechanism for these observed effects.