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Related Experiment Videos

Reflex responses induced by tooth unloading.

K S Türker1, M Jenkins

  • 1Department of Physiology, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia. kemal.turker@adelaide.edu.au

Journal of Neurophysiology
|August 12, 2000
PubMed
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The jaw unloading reflex involves masseter muscle inhibition caused by unloading periodontal mechanoreceptors. This reflex response indicates that these receptors play a role in jaw muscle activity regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Oral Physiology

Background:

  • The masseter muscle is crucial for mastication and jaw stabilization.
  • Jaw reflexes are essential for protecting the teeth during chewing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reflex response of the masseter muscle to rapid unloading of a maxillary incisor.
  • To determine the role of periodontal mechanoreceptors in the jaw unloading reflex.

Main Methods:

  • Rapid unloading of a static 2 N horizontal force applied to a single maxillary incisor.
  • Electromyography of the masseter muscle to record muscle activity.
  • Administration of local anesthetic to block periodontal input.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Unloading elicited short-latency (13 ms) excitation, medium-latency (20 ms) inhibition, and long-latency (40 ms) excitation of masseter activity.
  • Inhibitory responses were abolished after blocking periodontal input with local anesthetic.
  • Changes in bite force corresponded temporally to the muscle activity responses.

Conclusions:

  • The jaw unloading reflex, specifically the inhibitory component, is mediated by periodontal mechanoreceptors.
  • Periodontal mechanoreceptors contribute to the regulation of jaw muscle activity during unloading events.
  • This reflex may protect the teeth from excessive forces during mastication.