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[Menstrual cycle disorders in adolescents]
1Service d'endocrinologie et croissance, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.
Summary
Adolescent menstrual disorders like long cycles and heavy bleeding are common. Most long cycles resolve naturally, but other conditions must be ruled out, and bleeding requires careful evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Gynecology
- Adolescent Medicine
- Reproductive Endocrinology
Context:
- Menstrual disorders are prevalent in adolescents.
- Long cycles and excessive uterine bleeding are the most common types.
Purpose:
- To outline the diagnostic approach and management strategies for adolescent menstrual disorders.
- To differentiate functional disorders from underlying pathologies.
Summary:
- Long cycles often stem from functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, typically resolving within 2-3 years post-menarche.
- Excessive uterine bleeding, common early after menarche, is frequently anovulatory but requires exclusion of coagulopathies.
- Differential diagnoses for long cycles include hyperandrogenism, PCOS, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.
Impact:
- Provides a framework for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention in adolescent menstrual dysfunction.
- Aids clinicians in managing common gynecological issues in young females, promoting reproductive health.