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Related Experiment Videos

Suidical ideation in severe depression.

L Brådvik1, M Berglund

  • 1Dept of Clinical Neuroscience, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
|August 15, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that high scores on Beck's Scale for Suicidal Ideation did not correlate with completed suicide. However, specific types of suicidal ideation in males and previous attempts in females were linked to suicide completion.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Severe depression is a significant risk factor for suicide.
  • Understanding suicidal ideation and communication patterns is crucial for suicide prevention.
  • Previous research has explored predictors of completed suicide, but findings on ideation scales require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between suicidal ideation and communication in individuals with primary severe depression who died by suicide.
  • To compare suicidal ideation scores between suicide victims and matched controls.
  • To identify specific patterns of suicidal ideation associated with completed suicide in males and females.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records for 89 suicide victims with primary severe depression and matched controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Inclusion criteria based on multiaxial ratings of hospitalized patients from 1956-1969.
  • Blind record evaluation including Beck's Scale for Suicidal Ideation and additional items.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant correlation was found between high scores on Beck's Scale for Suicidal Ideation and completed suicide.
    • In males, suicidal ideation described as "beyond one's own will" was associated with suicide.
    • Female suicides with a prior suicide attempt exhibited higher suicidal ideation than those without.
    • A notable percentage of female suicides (22%) occurred without prior suicidal intent, compared to 5% of male suicides.

    Conclusions:

    • Beck's Scale for Suicidal Ideation alone may not be a reliable predictor of completed suicide in severe depression.
    • Specific nuances of suicidal ideation, such as lack of volitional control in males and history of attempts in females, are important indicators.
    • A substantial proportion of suicides, particularly among women, may occur with minimal or no discernible prior intent, highlighting challenges in prediction and prevention.