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The Yersinia high-pathogenicity island.

¹Laboratoire des Yersinia, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. carniel2@pasteur.fr

International Microbiology : the Official Journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology

|December 8, 2000

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The High-Pathogenicity Island (HPI) in Yersinia bacteria facilitates iron acquisition for growth and spread. This mobile genetic element, likely acquired via phage, is also found in other enterobacteria like E. coli.

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Genetics
Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

The High-Pathogenicity Island (HPI) is a distinct genomic region found in virulent Yersinia strains.
The HPI harbors genes crucial for yersiniabactin siderophore metabolism, essential for iron uptake.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the High-Pathogenicity Island (HPI) in Yersinia species.
To investigate the origin and distribution of the HPI in enterobacteria.

Main Methods:

Genomic analysis to identify the HPI and its associated genes.
Comparative genomics to assess HPI distribution across different bacterial genera.
Investigation of HPI integration sites within the bacterial chromosome.

Main Results:

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The HPI contains a gene cluster for yersiniabactin siderophore biosynthesis and transport.
Evidence suggests the HPI was acquired through phage integration, indicated by an integrase gene and att sites.
The HPI is present in highly pathogenic Yersinia strains (Y. enterocolitica 1B, Y. pseudotuberculosis I, Y. pestis) and can excise from the chromosome.
The HPI is found inserted into asn tRNA loci and exhibits wide distribution in other enterobacteria, including E. coli, Klebsiella, and Citrobacter.

Conclusions:

The HPI is a key virulence factor enabling Yersinia to acquire iron for in vivo growth.
The HPI's foreign origin and mobility contribute to its dissemination among enterobacteria, impacting bacterial pathogenicity.