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A blocker-resistant, fast-decaying, intermediate-threshold calcium current in palaeocortical pyramidal neurons.

J Magistretti1, S Brevi, M de Curtis

  • 1Laboratorio di Biofisica e Neurofisiologia dei Sistemi Corticali, Dipartimento di Neurofisiologia Sperimentale, Istituto Nazionale Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milano, Italy.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|August 18, 2000
PubMed
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Researchers identified a novel calcium current (IRfi) in piriform cortex neurons. This current exhibits fast inactivation and resistance to common blockers, distinguishing it from known calcium channels.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Electrophysiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Piriform cortex (PC) neurons exhibit complex calcium (Ca2+) currents.
  • Understanding these currents is crucial for deciphering neuronal function and excitability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a distinct Ca2+ current in guinea-pig piriform cortex layer II neurons.
  • To differentiate this current from known high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and T-type currents.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were performed on acutely dissociated guinea-pig PC layer II neurons.
  • Barium (Ba2+) was used as the charge carrier to record Ca2+ currents (IBas).
  • Pharmacological blockers (L-, N-, P/Q-type) and Ni2+ were used to isolate and characterize current properties.

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Main Results:

  • A subpopulation of neurons (approx. 22%) displayed a fast-inactivating Ba2+ current (IBa) resistant to L-, N-, and P/Q-type Ca2+-channel blockers.
  • This isolated current, named IRfi, showed bi-exponential inactivation (approx. 20 ms and 100 ms) and an intermediate activation threshold.
  • IRfi amplitude was minimally affected by extracellular Ca2+ substitution and was inhibited by Ni2+ (50 microM).

Conclusions:

  • IRfi is a distinct Ca2+ current characterized by fast inactivation, intermediate activation, and resistance to organic blockers.
  • IRfi differs significantly from classical high-voltage-activated and T-type Ca2+ currents.
  • The properties of IRfi suggest a potential similarity to Ca2+ currents mediated by alpha1E-type channel subunits.