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Related Experiment Videos

Language representation in the human brain: evidence from cortical mapping.

S C Bhatnagar1, G T Mandybur, H W Buckingham

  • 1Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, USA.

Brain and Language
|August 22, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Neuroscience research suggests the human brain

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Area of Science:

  • Neurolinguistics
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The precise neural underpinnings of syntactic-morphological and lexical-semantic processing in the human brain remain a subject of debate.
  • Previous hypotheses proposed distinct localization for these functions, with syntax in the frontal cortex and semantics in the temporo-parietal cortex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cortical representation of syntactic-morphological and lexical-semantic functions during language tasks.
  • To challenge existing models by examining language processing in neurosurgical patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cortical mapping in three neurosurgical patients undergoing left craniotomy for intractable seizures.
  • Administered grammatical and semantic tasks with and without cortical stimulation in the dominant fronto-temporo-parietal regions.

Main Results:

  • Language tasks engaged a broader cortical area than previously assumed, encompassing both syntactic-morphological and lexical-semantic functions.
  • Syntactic-morphological functions were associated with extensive fronto-parieto-temporal regions.
  • Lexical ordering within sentence construction was specifically linked to parieto-temporal sites.

Conclusions:

  • The findings indicate a more distributed and potentially layered or columnar organization of language in the brain.
  • Current models of discrete localization for syntactic and semantic processing may require revision.

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