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Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
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Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

Clinical spectrum of HIV infection

R Dhurat1, M Manglani, R Sharma

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, L.T.M.M. College and L.T.M.G. Hospital, Sion, Mumbai 400 022, India.

Indian Pediatrics
|August 22, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Perinatal transmission is the primary route for pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, leading to distinct clinical symptoms in children. Transfusion-acquired HIV infection presents differently, with most children remaining asymptomatic initially.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children poses significant public health challenges.
  • Understanding transmission routes and clinical presentations is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pediatric HIV transmission modes.
  • To characterize clinical manifestations in children with HIV.
  • To compare perinatal versus transfusion-acquired HIV infection clinical spectra.

Main Methods:

  • A case series study was conducted at a hospital-based pediatric HIV clinic.
  • Data were collected from children diagnosed with HIV infection.
  • Clinical details and transmission routes were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Perinatal transmission accounted for 74.5% of pediatric HIV cases, with 90.2% symptomatic, often presenting with tuberculosis and failure to thrive.
  • Transfusion-acquired HIV infection (21.8%) predominantly presented asymptomatically.
  • Mortality rates were higher in perinatally infected children compared to those with transfusion-acquired infections.

Conclusions:

  • The perinatal route is the predominant mode of HIV transmission in children.
  • Clinical manifestations of pediatric HIV differ significantly from adult presentations.
  • HIV infection acquired through different routes exhibits distinct clinical trajectories.
Abstract

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