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Highly cited article published in the Veterinary Quarterly in 1991.

T A Elsinghorst, W Sybesma

    The Veterinary Quarterly
    |August 22, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary

    Mystery swine disease in the Dutch pig industry was caused by a newly identified virus, Lelystad virus. This discovery was made through extensive laboratory analysis and serological testing of affected pigs.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Swine Pathology

    Background:

    • The Dutch pig industry faced a significant outbreak in early 1991, termed "mystery swine disease."
    • Extensive laboratory investigations were initiated to identify the causative agent of this disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize the etiological agent responsible for mystery swine disease.
    • To determine the serological relationship between the isolated agent and known swine pathogens.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and characterization of viruses and mycoplasmas from affected pigs.
    • Serological testing of paired sera from sows against known pig viruses and the novel isolate.
    • Detection of antibodies against the novel agent in pigs from multiple countries.

    Main Results:

    • An unknown viral agent, designated Lelystad virus, was isolated from a significant proportion of affected pigs (16/20 piglets, 41/63 sows).
    • A high percentage of sows affected by mystery swine disease (75%) seroconverted to Lelystad virus, unlike other tested viruses.
    • Antibodies against Lelystad virus were detected in diseased pigs from England, Germany, and the United States.

    Conclusions:

    • Lelystad virus is identified as the likely causative agent of mystery swine disease.
    • The findings suggest Lelystad virus is a significant pathogen in swine, with international implications.

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