[Severe hypercalcemia due to renal transitional cell carcinoma]

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Oncology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Hypercalcemia is a frequent metabolic disturbance, particularly in older adults.
• Primary causes include hyperparathyroidism and various malignancies (lung, breast, kidney, hematological).

Observation:

• Hypercalcemia is an infrequent presentation for urinary tract epithelial tumors.
• This presentation is especially uncommon for renal pelvis tumors.

Findings:

• A 62-year-old male presented with hypercalcemia.
• The underlying cause was identified as renal transitional cell carcinoma.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering uncommon etiologies for hypercalcemia.
• Renal transitional cell carcinoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia, even when rare.