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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
Published on: July 24, 2016
CSF interleukin-6 in neonatal Citrobacter ventriculitis after meningitis
F A Baumeister1, M Hofer, H Küster
1Children's Hospital of the Technical University Munich, Children's Clinic Schwabing, Munich, Germany. u7r11cf@mail.lrz-muenchen.de
Abstract:
An infant with neonatal severe Citrobacter koseri (formerly Citrobacter diversus) meningoencephalitis developed necrosis with multicystic regression of both hemispheres. The ventriculitis persisted over months in spite of antibiotic therapy. The treatment succeeded with cefotaxime in a high dose (300 mg/kg/day) without surgical intervention. The infant had been previously treated with cefotaxime (200 mg/kg/day) over 5 weeks. High levels of CSF interleukin-6 (IL-6) permitted to attribute persisting CSF pleocytosis in spite of sterile CSF cultures to chronic infection and not to reminiscence of brain necrosis. This report reveals two main points. On the one hand, the importance of therapy monitoring with IL-6 in CSF for the consequent treatment of Citrobacter meningitis and on the other hand, high-dose cefotaxime (300 mg/kg/day) treatment of Citrobacter ventriculitis, which succeeded without surgical intervention.
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