Structural evidence for a programmed general base in the active site of a catalytic antibody

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Determination of High-affinity Antibody-antigen Binding Kinetics Using Four Biosensor Platforms
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Determination of High-affinity Antibody-antigen Binding Kinetics Using Four Biosensor Platforms

Published on: April 17, 2017

B Golinelli-Pimpaneau1, O Goncalves, T Dintinger

  • 1Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bâtiment 34, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France. beatrice.golinelli@lebs.cnrs-gif.fr

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 30, 2000
PubMed

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Antibody Structure

Overview
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Antibody Structure and Classes

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
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Antibody Actions

Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
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Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
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Ligand Binding and Linkage

Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked.  In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...
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Allosteric Proteins-ATCase

Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function.  For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
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