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Published on: September 26, 2013

Molecular mechanisms and Th1/Th2 pathways in corticosteroid regulation of cytokine production

D Kovalovsky1, D Refojo, F Holsboer

  • 1Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, (1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Journal of Neuroimmunology
|September 2, 2000
PubMed

We focus on how the IL-1 system, T-helper1 (Th1) or Th2 cytokines and glucocorticoids, converge to give a unified physiological response. Glucocorticoids inhibit IL-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) expression, Th1 cytokines stimulate both and Th2 cytokines stimulate IL-1ra and inhibit IL-1. Thus, during the Th1 response there is a window for IL-1 inflammatory activity, absent during the Th2 response. We also study the interactions among glucocorticoid and cytokine transcriptional activity. Glucocorticoids inhibit cytokine-induced transcription factors (NFkB, AP1) and cytokines enhance glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transcriptional activity, thus reciprocally fine tuning immunological control mechanisms.

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