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Evidence of gentamicin nephrotoxicity in patients with renal allografts
Abstract:
Renal damage was assessed by measuring urinary enzyme excretion in 180 patients with renal allografts. Thirty-six of these patients were studied during 53 courses of treatment with antimicrobial agents which was the only antimicrobial agent which was associated with an increase in urinary enzyme activity. There was usually also evidence of reduced renal function. Renal morphological changes similar to those produced by gentamicin in rats were observed in human allograft biopsy specimens obtained during gentamicin treatment.
Insights
Gentamicin is the only antimicrobial agent linked to increased urinary enzyme activity and reduced kidney function in renal allograft patients. Biopsies showed changes similar to those seen in rats treated with gentamicin.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Transplantation
Background:
- Renal allografts are susceptible to damage from various factors, including medications.
- Monitoring kidney function and integrity is crucial in transplant recipients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess renal damage in patients with renal allografts.
- To identify specific antimicrobial agents associated with nephrotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Urinary enzyme excretion was measured in 180 renal allograft patients.
- Thirty-six patients were studied during 53 courses of antimicrobial treatment.
- Renal biopsy specimens were analyzed for morphological changes.
Main Results:
- Gentamicin was the only antimicrobial agent associated with increased urinary enzyme activity.
- Reduced renal function was commonly observed alongside increased enzyme activity.
- Human allograft biopsies during gentamicin treatment showed morphological changes similar to gentamicin-induced changes in rats.
Conclusions:
- Gentamicin poses a risk of nephrotoxicity in renal allograft recipients.
- Urinary enzyme excretion is a potential biomarker for gentamicin-induced renal damage.
- Morphological changes in biopsies confirm gentamicin's adverse effects on transplanted kidneys.