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Self-consistent density functional calculation of field emission currents from metals

Gohda1, Nakamura, Watanabe

  • 1Department of Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|September 6, 2000
PubMed
Summary

We developed a self-consistent method using density functional theory to study field emission currents without a counterelectrode. Strong electric fields lower the energy barrier, flattening the Fowler-Nordheim plot slope.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Surface science
  • Computational physics

Background:

  • Field emission is crucial for electron sources.
  • Understanding emission currents requires accurate theoretical models.
  • Previous methods often necessitate counterelectrodes, complicating simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a self-consistent computational method for field emission currents.
  • To investigate field emission from metallic surfaces using the jellium model.
  • To analyze the effect of strong electric fields on the energy barrier and emission characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory (DFT) based self-consistent calculations.
  • Modeling metallic surfaces with the jellium model.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of field emission currents and Fowler-Nordheim plots.

    • Main Results:

    • A novel, counterelectrode-free method for calculating field emission currents was established.
    • Under strong electric fields (e.g., 10 V/nm), the energy barrier height is reduced below the Fermi energy.
    • The Fowler-Nordheim plot exhibits a flatter slope in strong electric fields compared to weaker fields.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed DFT method accurately simulates field emission without a counterelectrode.
    • Strong electric fields significantly alter the electronic structure and emission properties of metallic surfaces.
    • The findings provide insights into field emission mechanisms under high electric fields.