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Changing patterns of death and dying.

C Seale1

  • 1Department of Sociology, Goldsmiths College, University of London, UK. c.seale@gold.ac.uk

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|September 6, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Global mortality patterns are shifting due to demographic and epidemiological transitions, impacting life expectancy and causes of death. This review examines these changes, health care provision, and cultural factors influencing end-of-life experiences worldwide.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Demography
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Worldwide mortality patterns are evolving, influenced by demographic and epidemiological transitions.
  • Developed and developing countries exhibit distinct patterns in life expectancy and causes of death, shifting from infectious to degenerative diseases.
  • Reversals in these transitions are observed in Eastern Europe (social disorganization) and Africa (AIDS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review changing global mortality patterns and their consequences.
  • To explore implications of population structure changes on aging and dying experiences.
  • To analyze health care provision for the dying and cultural factors influencing end-of-life care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of global mortality trends.
  • Analysis of demographic and epidemiological data.
  • Examination of socio-economic and gender differences in mortality and end-of-life care.

Main Results:

  • Life expectancy gains and a shift towards degenerative diseases are common, but reversals exist.
  • Population aging presents challenges for end-of-life care, with significant gender and socio-economic disparities.
  • Gaps exist in understanding dying trajectories across different causes of death.
  • Lay and formal health care provision for the dying varies significantly between and within countries.
  • Public support for euthanasia and cultural appropriateness of palliative care models are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Changing mortality patterns necessitate adaptive health care strategies.
  • Addressing gender and socio-economic disparities is crucial for equitable end-of-life care.
  • Further research is needed on dying trajectories and cultural adaptations of palliative care.
  • The erosion of traditional consolations by medical advancements requires consideration in holistic end-of-life care.

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