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Cerebral aspergillosis with special reference to cerebrospinal fluid findings
Abstract:
A case of cerebral aspergillosis in a 69-year-old diabetic man is reported. The disease, initially presenting as headache and vertigo, was caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. Seven CSF specimens were examined. The main findings included decreased glucose and increased protein concentrations, leukocyte reaction and one positive culture for A. fumigatus. Neuropathological examination revealed granulomatous leptomeningitis and typical fungal hyphae. The process probably lasted for more than 1 year and was an important contributing factor to two brain stem infarcts.
Insights
This case report details cerebral aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in a diabetic man. The infection led to granulomatous leptomeningitis and contributed to brain stem infarcts.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Mycology
Background:
- Cerebral aspergillosis is a rare but serious fungal infection of the brain.
- Diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for invasive fungal infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of cerebral aspergillosis in a diabetic patient.
- To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and neuropathological features.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens.
- Neuropathological examination of brain tissue.
- Clinical case review.
Main Results:
- Cerebrospinal fluid showed decreased glucose, increased protein, and leukocytes.
- Cerebral aspergillosis was caused by Aspergillus fumigatus.
- Neuropathology revealed granulomatous leptomeningitis and fungal hyphae, contributing to brain stem infarcts.
Conclusions:
- Cerebral aspergillosis can present insidiously with non-specific symptoms like headache and vertigo.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing this life-threatening infection.
- Diabetic patients are at increased risk and require vigilant monitoring for opportunistic infections.