Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2026

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs
05:40

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs

Published on: December 22, 2023

Negative extrathoracic pressure in infants with cystic fibrosis and respiratory failure

H Klonin1, C Campbell, J Hawthorn

  • 1Academic Department of Paediatrics, North Staffordshire Hospital, Stoke on Trent, UK.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|September 6, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Negative extrathoracic pressure and high-frequency chest wall oscillation provided clinical benefits for infants with cystic fibrosis and respiratory failure unresponsive to standard treatments. These non-invasive respiratory support methods improved patient compliance.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder leading to chronic lung infections and respiratory failure.
  • Infants with CF often require advanced respiratory support when medical therapies are insufficient.
  • Non-invasive ventilation strategies are crucial for managing severe respiratory conditions in pediatric patients.

Observation:

  • Three infants diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and experiencing respiratory failure were treated with novel respiratory support methods.
  • These infants had not shown improvement with maximal conventional medical therapies.
  • The interventions utilized were negative extrathoracic pressure (NEP) and high-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO).

Findings:

  • All three infants demonstrated positive clinical responses to the applied respiratory support.
  • Pulmonary function tests conducted on two infants indicated an increase in lung compliance.
  • NEP and HFCWO represent viable therapeutic options for refractory respiratory failure in CF.

Implications:

  • These findings suggest that NEP and HFCWO can be effective adjuncts in managing severe respiratory compromise in infants with cystic fibrosis.
  • Further research into optimizing these techniques for pediatric CF patients is warranted.
  • Non-invasive respiratory support may improve outcomes and reduce the need for more invasive interventions in this population.

More Related Videos

A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn11:27

A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn

Published on: April 7, 2023

Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit05:56

Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit

Published on: September 6, 2024

Related Concept Videos

Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity01:24

Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity

Breathing, otherwise known as pulmonary ventilation, is the process of air movement into and out of the lungs. The main mechanisms propelling pulmonary ventilation are atmospheric pressure (Patm), intra-pulmonary (Ppul ) or intra-alveolar pressure (Palv) within the alveoli, and intrapleural pressure (Pip) within the pleural cavity.
Breathing Mechanisms
Both intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures rely on specific lung properties. The ability to breathe—allowing air to enter the lungs during...
Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation01:24

Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation

Pulmonary ventilation is a vital process that ensures the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. It refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs, enabling the body to obtain oxygen and remove waste carbon dioxide. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of pulmonary ventilation, including its underlying principles, mechanisms, and the interplay of pressures within the respiratory system.
Boyle's law becomes particularly pertinent when examining respiratory...
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...