[Cholera and living conditions, Brazil]

Factors associated with precarious living and environmental conditions are frequently cited as major obstacles for the control of cholera outbreaks and epidemics. The purposes of the study are to evaluate the contribution of factors associated with the population living conditions and correlate the environmental problems with the onset of cholera and its subsequent impact.

Using a multiple linear regression by the backward stepwise method, and with the researcher's interaction, the study correlated socioeconomic indicators with cholera incidence rates in some counties of Pernambuco State, Brazil, during the year of 1992.

The results of the adjusted model showed that the proportion of households without tap water was the variable that contributed the most to the increasing fluctuation of cholera incidence rates. Two other factors, the proportion of households without sewage and the proportion of householders with an income less than or equal to the minimum wage, also revealed a positive association with cholera incidence rates with statistically significant regression coefficients. The proportion of households with no sanitary installations whatsoever showed a negative association with cholera incidence rates, suggesting that sewage disposal, such as open-air sewage ditches, that is not part of the public sewage disposal system, increases the risk of environmental contamination The results indicate that having an adequate tap water supply is of maximum priority for cholera prevention.