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[Toxocariasis with liver involvement].

M T Gónzalez1, O Ibañez, N Balcarce

  • 1Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital de niños Sor María Ludovica de la Plata. fyt@impsat1.com.ar

Acta Gastroenterologica Latinoamericana
|September 7, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Toxocariasis is a common parasitic infection in children, often presenting with pica, fever, and anemia. Early diagnosis is crucial, as treatment leads to symptom resolution, though some indicators may persist.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Toxocariasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the roundworm Toxocara.
  • It is commonly acquired in childhood through ingestion of embryonated eggs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical characteristics and diagnostic findings of toxocariasis in pediatric patients.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering toxocariasis in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilic leukocytosis with abnormal liver findings.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 16 pediatric patients diagnosed with toxocariasis over two years.
  • Clinical data, laboratory results (including ELISA for Toxocara antibodies), and high-resolution ultrasonography findings were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • The mean age of affected children was 2 years and 9 months, with a 1:1 sex distribution.
  • Common symptoms included pica (81%), anemia (62.5%), and persistent fever; all patients had eosinophilic leukocytosis.
  • ELISA confirmed elevated Toxocara antibodies in all cases, and ultrasonography revealed hypoechoic liver areas in 50%.

Conclusions:

  • Toxocariasis is a prevalent parasitic infection in the studied population.
  • It should be a primary diagnostic consideration in children presenting with eosinophilic leukocytosis and abnormal liver findings on ultrasound.
  • Prompt treatment is effective, leading to clinical recovery, though serological and imaging findings may take up to a year to normalize.