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Implementation of In Vitro Drug Resistance Assays: Maximizing the Potential for Uncovering Clinically Relevant Resistance Mechanisms
Published on: December 9, 2015
Advances in pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics
1Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA.
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|September 7, 2000
Summary
Genetic variations significantly impact drug response, leading to differences in efficacy and safety. Pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics offer insights to reduce adverse drug reactions and personalize medicine.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacogenomics
- Pharmacogenetics
- Genetics
Background:
- Individual responses to medications vary widely due to genetic differences in drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and receptors.
- These genetic polymorphisms are a major cause of therapeutic agent inefficacy and adverse drug reactions.
- Adverse drug reactions are a leading cause of mortality in the USA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of pharmacogenomics in understanding inherited variations in drug response.
- To illustrate how pharmacogenomics can guide drug discovery and personalize patient therapy.
- To highlight the potential of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics in reducing drug-related morbidity and mortality.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics.
- Elucidation of the human genome's role in inherited drug response variability.
- Discussion of examples demonstrating the application of pharmacogenomic principles.
Main Results:
- Pharmacogenomics accelerates pharmacogenetics by identifying the genetic basis of interindividual variations in drug response.
- Understanding genetic polymorphisms allows for prediction of drug efficacy and safety.
- The study of genetically caused variability in drug response is crucial.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacogenomics provides a framework for understanding and addressing genetic influences on drug response.
- Application of pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic principles can lead to safer and more effective drug therapies.
- Personalized medicine, guided by pharmacogenomics, has the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.
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