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Structures of redox enzymes.

A W Munro¹, P Taylor, M D Walkinshaw

¹Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, The Royal College, Glasgow, UK.

Current Opinion in Biotechnology

|September 7, 2000

Summary

Recent structural biology advances reveal new insights into redox enzymes. Key findings include structures of nitric oxide synthases and the mitochondrial bc1 complex, plus novel flavocytochrome structures.

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Area of Science:

Structural biology
Biochemistry
Molecular biology

Background:

The Protein Data Bank has seen over 1,000 new protein structure deposits between January 1999 and January 2000.
Advances in structural information are rapidly expanding our understanding of biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight significant recent advancements in the structural determination of redox enzymes.
To provide insight into novel electron and proton transfer mechanisms.

Main Methods:

X-ray crystallography or cryo-electron microscopy for structure determination (implied).
Analysis of protein structures in both ligand-free and ligand-bound states.

Main Results:

Determination of nitric oxide synthases structures in various complexes.
Elucidation of the multi-subunit mitochondrial bc1 complex structure.
First-time structural determination of flavocytochromes, revealing new pathways.

Conclusions:

Recent structural studies have significantly advanced the understanding of redox enzyme mechanisms.
Novel insights into electron and proton transfer pathways have been uncovered through new flavocytochrome structures.

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