Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 11, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
Published on: August 12, 2013
Optical frequency synthesizer for precision spectroscopy
1Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Abstract:
We have used the frequency comb generated by a femtosecond mode-locked laser and broadened to more than an optical octave in a photonic crystal fiber to realize a frequency chain that links a 10 MHz radio frequency reference phase-coherently in one step to the optical region. By comparison with a similar frequency chain we set an upper limit for the uncertainty of this new approach to 5. 1x10(-16). This opens the door for measurement and synthesis of virtually any optical frequency and is ready to revolutionize frequency metrology.
Related Concept Videos
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
Aliasing
If the sampling frequency is below the Nyquist rate, these replicas overlap, preventing the original signal...
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.

