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Alternative pathways for phospholipid synthesis in different brain areas during aging.

M G Ilincheta de Boschero1, M E Roque, G A Salvador

  • 1Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur, CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Experimental Gerontology
|September 9, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Aging alters brain phospholipid synthesis pathways. Aged rats show increased phosphatidylserine synthesis and phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity, suggesting compensatory mechanisms maintain brain membrane lipid composition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Brain aging involves morphological and biochemical membrane changes.
  • Studies show altered phospholipid synthesis and fatty acid composition in aged rat brains.
  • Main phospholipid class content remains unchanged, possibly due to alternative pathway modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of aging on enzyme activities in alternative phospholipid synthesis pathways.
  • To examine changes in base exchange enzymes, phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PSD), phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT), and phospholipase D (PLD) activities.
  • To understand how aging affects phosphatidylserine (PS) synthesis under varying calcium conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Compared enzyme activities in adult (3.5-month-old) and aged (28.5-month-old) rats.

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  • Assessed base exchange enzyme activity (calcium-dependent).
  • Measured activities of PSD, PEMT, and PLD in different brain areas.

    • Main Results:

    • Phosphatidylserine (PS) synthesis increased in aged rat cerebral cortex (CC) and cerebellum (CRBL), especially with exogenous calcium.
    • Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) activity in aged CC increased by 100%.
    • Increased phosphatidylglycerol (PG) synthesis indicated higher transphosphatidyl reaction rates in aged brains.

    Conclusions:

    • Aging significantly affects alternative phospholipid synthesis pathways in the central nervous system.
    • These alterations suggest a compensatory mechanism to maintain brain membrane lipid composition during aging.