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Expression of adhesion molecules in childhood B-lineage-cell neoplasms
J Hara1, Y Matsuda, H Fujisaki
1Department of Developmental Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan. junhara@ped.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
Insights
Adhesion molecule expression differs between B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) subtypes and B-cell ALL/non-Hodgkin
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Adhesion molecules play critical roles in cellular interactions and immune responses.
- Understanding adhesion molecule expression in B-cell malignancies is crucial for diagnosis and prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the expression patterns of specific adhesion molecules in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) and B-cell ALL/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-ALL/NHL).
- To investigate the clinical significance of these adhesion molecules in pre-B ALL.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was used to assess the expression of beta 1-integrins (CD49c, CD49d, CD49e, CD49f), beta 2-integrins (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c), CD44, and CD54.
- Analysis was performed on 141 children with pre-B ALL and 21 children with B-ALL/NHL.
- Correlations between adhesion molecule expression and clinical parameters were examined.
Main Results:
- Distinct adhesion molecule expression profiles were observed between CD34+ and CD34- pre-B ALL, and between pre-B ALL and B-ALL/NHL.
- CD11a expression correlated with lower leukocyte counts in pre-B ALL.
- CD54 expression was identified as an independent factor for poor prognosis in pre-B ALL, with significantly lower 5-year event-free survival in CD54+ patients.
Conclusions:
- Adhesion molecule expression is significantly influenced by the phenotype of B-lineage cells in leukemia and lymphoma.
- Specific adhesion molecules, particularly CD54, hold significant clinical value for predicting prognosis in pediatric pre-B ALL.
Abstract:
We analyzed the expression pattern of adhesion molecules including beta 1-integrins (CD49c, CD49d, CD49e, CD49f), beta 2-integrins (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c), CD44, and CD54 in 141 children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) and in 21 children with B-cell ALL/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-ALL/NHL). The frequencies of CD11a, CD49f, and CD44 expression were significantly higher in CD34+ pre-B ALL than in CD34- pre-B ALL. Although CD49d, CD49e, and CD44 were less frequently expressed in B-ALL/NHL than in pre-B ALL, the expression of CD11a and CD54 were more frequent in B-ALL/NHL. In pre-B ALL, expression of CD11a positively correlated with that of CD11b (P < .05) and CD54 (P < .01), and CD49c positively correlated with CD49f (P < .01). Of the clinical parameters of patients with pre-B ALL, expression of CD11a was associated with a low leukocyte count (P < .05). The presence of CD54 on the cell surface was an independent factor indicating a poor prognosis. The estimated 5-year event-free survival was 42.3% for CD54+ (n = 31) compared with 70.3% for CD54- patients (n = 38) (P < .05). These findings demonstrated that expression of adhesion molecules is dependent on the phenotype of B-lineage cells and that the expression of some of these molecules has clinical significance.