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Related Concept Videos

The Sympathetic Nervous System01:25

The Sympathetic Nervous System

Overview
Sympathetic Signaling01:31

Sympathetic Signaling

Sympathetic signaling, a vital part of the autonomic nervous system, plays a crucial role in mobilizing the body's resources in response to stress or emergencies. It involves the transmission of nerve impulses from sympathetic preganglionic fibers to postganglionic fibers. This results in the release of specific neurotransmitters and activation of adrenergic receptors.
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) onto the ganglionic neurons in the...
Sympathetic Activation01:16

Sympathetic Activation

The sympathetic division can influence tissues and organs by releasing norepinephrine at peripheral synapses and distributing epinephrine and norepinephrine through the bloodstream. In times of crisis or stress, sympathetic activation occurs, which is regulated by sympathetic centers in the hypothalamus. As a result, sympathetic activation prepares the body for physical exertion, rapid ATP production, and heightened alertness, allowing individuals to respond effectively to challenging or...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure

The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...
Regulation of the Cardiovascular System01:27

Regulation of the Cardiovascular System

The regulation of the cardiovascular system allows the body to adapt to various demands and maintain homeostasis.
The regulation of the cardiovascular system involves the autonomic nervous system (ANS), baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors, ensuring that heart rate and blood pressure are appropriately modulated in response to varying physiological demands.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system enhances...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2026

Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.
11:08

Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.

Published on: February 14, 2018

Modes of baroreceptor-sympathetic coordination.

C D Lewis1, G L Gebber, S Zhong

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1317, USA.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|September 9, 2000
PubMed
Summary

The cardiac-related rhythm in sympathetic nerve discharge is a forced nonlinear oscillation, driven by baroreceptor nerve activity synchronizing with the heart beat. This study reveals how blood pressure changes influence this sympathetic nerve activity rhythm.

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Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats
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Implantation of Combined Telemetric ECG and Blood Pressure Transmitters to Determine Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity in Conscious Mice
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Implantation of Combined Telemetric ECG and Blood Pressure Transmitters to Determine Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity in Conscious Mice

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 27, 2026

Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.
11:08

Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.

Published on: February 14, 2018

Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats
06:30

Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats

Published on: September 11, 2018

Implantation of Combined Telemetric ECG and Blood Pressure Transmitters to Determine Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity in Conscious Mice
09:56

Implantation of Combined Telemetric ECG and Blood Pressure Transmitters to Determine Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity in Conscious Mice

Published on: February 14, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Nonlinear Dynamics

Background:

  • The cardiac-related rhythm in sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) is a key physiological phenomenon.
  • The precise mechanism driving this rhythm, particularly its relationship with heart beat, remains under investigation.
  • Baroreceptor afferent nerve activity is hypothesized to influence central oscillators controlling SND.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that pulse-synchronous baroreceptor afferent nerve activity forces a central oscillator to the heart's frequency.
  • To investigate the phase relations between brachial arterial pulse and cardiac-related sympathetic nerve activity.
  • To elucidate the role of blood pressure in modulating the cardiac-related rhythm of SND.

Main Methods:

  • Time series analysis of brachial arterial pulse (AP) and cardiac sympathetic nerve (CN) activity in urethane-anesthetized cats.
  • Cycle-by-cycle measurements of systolic blood pressure, heart period, CN burst amplitude, and phase angles.
  • Manipulation of blood pressure via phenylephrine infusion and abdominal aortic obstruction.

Main Results:

  • Increased blood pressure led to transitions from no phase-locking to variable phase-locking or phase walk between CN activity and AP.
  • Phase-locking strength increased with blood pressure, altering the interval between systole and CN activity.
  • Abrupt increases in blood pressure caused sharp phase transitions in CN activity relative to AP, even without heart rate changes.

Conclusions:

  • The cardiac-related rhythm in SND is best described as a forced nonlinear oscillation.
  • This rhythm is not due to periodic inhibition of random activity but rather the forcing of a central oscillator by pulse-synchronous baroreceptor input.
  • Findings support a dynamical systems perspective on the neural control of circulation.