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Induction of immunological memory in UK infants by a meningococcal A/C conjugate vaccine

R Borrow1, A J Fox, P C Richmond

  • 1Manchester Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, UK.

Epidemiology and Infection
|September 12, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Infants previously vaccinated with meningococcal A/C conjugate vaccine showed strong immunological memory. Booster doses of meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine induced significant antibody and serum bactericidal antibody responses, indicating effective immune priming.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Infants require robust immunological memory for effective protection against bacterial meningitis.
  • Previous vaccination with meningococcal A/C oligosaccharide-CRM197 conjugate vaccine in infancy is common.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the induction of immunological memory to serogroup A and C polysaccharides in UK infants.
  • To assess the antibody and serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) responses following a booster dose of meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine.

Main Methods:

  • Forty UK infants, previously immunized with three doses of meningococcal A/C oligosaccharide-CRM197 conjugate vaccine, received a booster dose (10 or 50 microg) of meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine.
  • Serogroup-specific antibody and SBA responses were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and serum bactericidal assays.
  • A control group of 45 children received a 10 microg dose of meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine without prior serogroup A vaccination.

Main Results:

  • Post-booster antibody levels rose significantly for both serogroup A and C.
  • Serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) geometric mean titres (GMTs) for serogroups A and C increased substantially (156-fold and 113-fold, respectively).
  • The control group showed a notable increase in serogroup A SBA GMTs post-vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Prior vaccination with meningococcal A/C conjugate vaccine primes the immune system in infants.
  • Booster doses of meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine effectively induce immunological memory and enhance protective antibody levels.
  • These findings support the long-term efficacy of meningococcal conjugate vaccines in establishing immunological memory.

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