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A process evaluation model for patient education programs for pregnant smokers.

R A Windsor1, H P Whiteside, L J Solomon

  • 1Smoke-Free Families National Program Office, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0021, USA.

Tobacco Control
|September 13, 2000
PubMed
Summary

A process evaluation model (PEM) helps assess patient education for pregnant smokers. Implementing new methods in diverse settings proved challenging, highlighting the need for pilot testing and program monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research
  • Program Evaluation

Background:

  • Patient education programs are crucial for pregnant smokers.
  • Implementing new interventions in diverse healthcare settings presents challenges.
  • Effective program evaluation is essential for successful intervention delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and apply a Process Evaluation Model (PEM) for patient education programs targeting pregnant smokers.
  • To assess the feasibility and challenges of implementing new patient education methods in maternity care settings.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a five-step PEM: defining the patient sample, documenting exposure, calculating exposure rates, setting performance standards, and computing implementation indices.
  • Applied the PEM to data from four Smoke-Free Families (SFF) studies across different settings.

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  • Calculated a Program Implementation Index (PII) to quantify overall program delivery.

    • Main Results:

    • All four SFF projects faced moderate to significant implementation difficulties.
    • Increased procedure complexity and number led to decreased implementation indices.
    • Challenges were identified in patient recruitment, intervention delivery, and follow-up procedures.

    Conclusions:

    • Routine delivery of new methods in diverse maternity settings is difficult.
    • Pilot testing all procedures is crucial before full implementation.
    • The PEM is recommended for monitoring program progress and guiding revisions for improved delivery.