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Related Experiment Videos

Contextual effects on word production: a lifespan study.

K Roe1, J Jahn-Samilo, L Juarez

  • 1University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0526, USA.

Memory & Cognition
|September 13, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Sentence priming aids picture naming across all ages. While facilitation emerges by age 4, interference effects show developmental changes, particularly in children and older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Sentence priming influences word retrieval.
  • Understanding sentence context effects on language processing is crucial for developmental and cognitive psychology.
  • Picture naming tasks are valuable for studying language acquisition and processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of sentence priming on picture naming across the entire lifespan.
  • To examine developmental changes in semantic facilitation and interference effects in language production.
  • To assess the utility of picture naming as a tool for studying sentence context effects.

Main Methods:

  • Participants aged 3 to 87 years performed a picture naming task.
  • Stimuli included pictures with semantically congruent, incongruent, or neutral auditory sentence contexts.

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  • Analysis focused on reaction times and accuracy to measure priming effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Sentence priming effects were observed across all age groups.
    • Semantic facilitation (congruent vs. neutral) was significant by age 4 and remained stable.
    • Semantic interference (incongruent vs. neutral) was present at all ages, with notable changes in young children and the oldest adults.

    Conclusions:

    • Picture naming effectively reveals sentence priming effects throughout the lifespan.
    • Developmental trajectories exist for how sentence context influences word retrieval.
    • This research highlights age-related variations in the processing of semantic relationships during language production.