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Can ultrasound-based investigations replace laparoscopy and hysteroscopy in infertility?
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RITO University Hospital, Tromsö, Norway.
Objectives:
To compare the use a simplified ultrasound based infertility investigation of the infertile couple with the current use of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.
Study Design:
Thirty-three infertile couples underwent transvaginal ultrasound and hystero-salpingo-contrast-sonography. A diagnosis was formulated based on the results of the ultrasound investigations, a semen analysis and endocrine parameters. The following day, all subjects underwent a laparoscopic chromotubation and hysteroscopy by a surgeon unaware of the ultrasound findings. A diagnosis based on the findings at laparoscopy and hysteroscopy, the same semen analysis and endocrine parameters, was then made. The two diagnoses were compared.
Results:
A 90.9% agreement was found between the diagnoses made from the two methods used. When considering laparoscopic diagnosis the Gold Standard of tubal patency, the sensitivity to diagnose occluded tubes using hystero-contrast-sonography was 92.8%. The corresponding figures for specificity, PPV and NPV were 96.2%, 92.8% and 98.1%, respectively.
Conclusions:
A simple, ultrasound based approach to investigate the infertile couple, can be used effectively as an initial examination modality during the couple's work-up. However, there is a need for a larger study to confirm these results.