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Exercise therapy for craniomandibular disorders.

P Nicolakis1, B Erdogmus, A Kopf

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Vienna, Austria.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|September 15, 2000
PubMed
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Exercise therapy effectively treats craniomandibular disorders (CMD) with anterior disc displacement. Patients experienced significant reductions in pain and impairment, with improved mouth opening and reduced joint clicking after treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
  • Orthodontics
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Craniomandibular disorders (CMD) encompass a range of conditions affecting the jaw joint and surrounding muscles.
  • Anterior disc displacement with reduction is a common subtype of CMD causing pain and dysfunction.
  • Conservative treatments are sought to manage CMD symptoms and improve function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of exercise therapy as a treatment for craniomandibular disorders (CMD).
  • Specifically, to assess its impact on anterior disc displacement with reduction.

Main Methods:

  • A before-after trial was conducted with 30 patients diagnosed with CMD and anterior disc displacement with reduction.
  • Interventions included active/passive jaw exercises, postural correction, and relaxation techniques.

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  • Outcomes measured included pain, impairment, and mouth opening, assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant changes were observed during the control period.
    • Following exercise therapy, patients showed statistically significant reductions in pain and impairment (p < .001).
    • Mouth opening significantly improved, and joint clicking was reduced or resolved in a substantial number of patients, with sustained results at follow-up.

    Conclusions:

    • Exercise therapy demonstrates significant utility in managing craniomandibular disorders, particularly anterior disc displacement with reduction.
    • The treatment approach led to substantial clinical improvements and high success rates (75%).
    • These findings support the integration of exercise therapy into CMD treatment protocols.