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Josephson effects in dilute bose-einstein condensates

Giovanazzi1, Smerzi, Fantoni

  • 1Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia and International School for Advanced Studies, via Beirut 2/4, I-34014, Trieste, Italy.

Physical Review Letters
|September 16, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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We propose an experiment to demonstrate Josephson effects in Bose-Einstein condensates. A critical barrier velocity causes a sharp transition between DC and AC regimes, marked by a population jump.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Atomic physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) exhibit quantum phenomena.
  • Josephson effects are crucial in superconductivity and superfluids.
  • Weakly linked BECs can mimic superconducting Josephson junctions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an experiment demonstrating DC and AC Josephson effects in weakly linked BECs.
  • To investigate the phase dynamics and transitions between different Josephson regimes.
  • To establish an experimental signature for critical velocity in BECs.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating a time-dependent barrier moving adiabatically across the trapping potential.
  • Analyzing phase dynamics governed by a driven-pendulum equation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparing analytical results with numerical integration of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.

    • Main Results:

    • A critical barrier velocity is identified, proportional to critical tunneling current.
    • A sharp transition between DC and AC Josephson regimes occurs at this critical velocity.
    • A sudden jump in relative condensate population serves as a distinct signature.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed experiment can demonstrate DC and AC Josephson effects in BECs.
    • The driven-pendulum dynamics accurately describe phase evolution.
    • The findings offer a realistic experimental pathway for observing Josephson phenomena in atomic systems.