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Related Experiment Videos

Nonsteady condensation and evaporation waves

Inomoto1, Kai, Malomed

  • 1Institute of Environment Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|September 16, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Phase transition fronts in fluids generate acoustic shocks, causing them to slow down and stop. Below a critical viscosity, this process can lead to turbulence.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Phase transitions

Background:

  • Phase transitions between stable and metastable states are crucial in fluid dynamics.
  • Understanding the dynamics of phase transition fronts is essential for various applications.
  • The van der Waals equation of state provides a theoretical framework for studying fluid behavior near phase transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the motion of a phase transition front at constant temperature in fluids.
  • To explore the behavior of phase transition fronts under conditions of significant metastability and low viscosity.
  • To identify the mechanisms governing the non-steady motion and eventual cessation of phase transition fronts.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of one-dimensional hydrodynamic equations.
  • Analysis of fluid behavior using the van der Waals equation of state.
  • Investigation of shock wave and rarefaction wave generation and propagation.

Main Results:

  • Phase transition fronts generate acoustic shocks in both forward and backward directions.
  • These acoustic shocks lead to a decrease in the phase transition front's velocity, eventually causing it to stop.
  • Shock waves can shuttle between the front and system boundaries, creating rarefaction waves.
  • A turbulent state emerges if the fluid viscosity falls below a specific threshold.

Conclusions:

  • Acoustic shock generation is a key mechanism for the self-regulation and halting of phase transition fronts in low-viscosity fluids.
  • The interplay between shock waves, rarefaction waves, and system boundaries dictates the front's complex dynamics.
  • Viscosity plays a critical role in determining the transition to a turbulent state during phase transitions.

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