Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Wet Beveling of Microinjection Needles Utilizing Constant Air Pressure for Feedback on Needle Opening06:00

Wet Beveling of Microinjection Needles Utilizing Constant Air Pressure for Feedback on Needle Opening

858
This protocol describes the assembly of a pneumatic system for the delivery of pressurized air to a needle during the process of needle beveling. The protocol further describes the beveling process for creating sharp microinjection needles and how to gauge the relative opening size of the...
858
Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels08:12

Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels

2.4K
This protocol demonstrates in detail how to perform fully endoscopic mitral valve surgery (EMS) with percutaneous cannulation of the groin vessels, using a percutaneous plug-based vascular closure device. Fundamental steps and useful instructions are described in detail for each step.
2.4K
A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy03:56

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

2.9K
This "two-step method" significantly improved the success rate of percutaneous transhepatic choledochoscopy and achieved a better prognosis of intrahepatic and extrahepatic...
2.9K
Three-Dimensional Printing Guide Template Assisted Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP)05:39

Three-Dimensional Printing Guide Template Assisted Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP)

8.2K
Herein, we present a three-dimensional printing guide template for percutaneous vertebraplasty. A patient with a T11 vertebral compression fracture was selected as a case...
8.2K
In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses09:31

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

9.3K
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high resolution imaging technique that allows analysis of tissue specific optical properties providing the means for tissue differentiation. We developed needle based OCT, providing real-time imaging combined with on-the-spot tumor differentiation. This publication describes a method for percutaneous, needle based OCT of renal...
9.3K
Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy11:27

Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy

20.2K
Methods for biopsy of Vastus lateralis, preparation of purified mitochondria, and respirometric profiling are described. The use of small muscle volume makes this technique suitable for clinical research...
20.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Efficacy of zinc acetate hydrate for hypozincemia in the elderly is influenced by the initial accumulated exposure dose after taking zinc acetate hydrate.

Die Pharmazie·2023
Same author

Response to: Hemoglobin drop associated with the risk of hospital mortality and acute kidney injury among COVID-19 inpatients.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2023
Same author

Validation of the Antifungal National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey (AF-NAPS) quality assessment tool.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2023
Same author

Investigating the efficacy of baricitinib in new onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (BANDIT)-study protocol for a phase 2, randomized, placebo controlled trial.

Trials·2022
Same author

The association of hemoglobin drop with in-hospital outcomes in COVID-19 patients.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2021
Same author

Myosin IIA and formin dependent mechanosensitivity of filopodia adhesion.

Nature communications·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy
03:56

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

Published on: September 13, 2022

2.9K

Pilus retraction powers bacterial twitching motility.

A J Merz1, M So, M P Sheetz

  • 1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098, USA.

Nature
|September 19, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Type IV pili (Tfp) retract forcefully, generating significant force to directly mediate bacterial cell movement and surface crawling. This retraction mechanism is crucial for bacterial motility and microcolony formation.

More Related Videos

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
09:31

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

9.3K
Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy
11:27

Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy

Published on: February 7, 2015

20.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy
03:56

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

Published on: September 13, 2022

2.9K
In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
09:31

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

9.3K
Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy
11:27

Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy

Published on: February 7, 2015

20.2K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Gram-negative bacteria utilize twitching and social gliding motility for surface translocation.
  • Type IV pili (Tfp) are essential for these motility mechanisms, but their precise role has been unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism by which Type IV pili (Tfp) mediate bacterial motility.
  • To quantify the forces generated by Tfp during bacterial surface movement.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized laser tweezers to manipulate and measure forces exerted by individual bacterial cells and their Tfp.
  • Performed quantitative force measurements on Tfp-bead interactions.
  • Observed bacterial crawling and microcolony formation on glass surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that Tfp forcefully retract, actively pulling bacterial cells towards microcolonies.
  • Measured retraction forces exceeding 80 pN when Tfp bind to latex beads.
  • Confirmed that Tfp-mediated motility and retraction occur at approximately 1 microm s(-1) and depend on protein synthesis and the PilT protein.

Conclusions:

  • Established that Type IV pili (Tfp) actively retract, generating substantial force.
  • Concluded that Tfp retraction is the direct mechanism driving bacterial motility and surface crawling.
  • Highlighted the importance of PilT protein function in Tfp-mediated force generation and movement.